2020 QUARTER 02

A B C D E F G H I K L M N O P R S T U V W

AM-48 - Mathematical models of uncertainty: probability and statistics

Devise simple ways to represent probability information in GIS
Describe the basic principles of randomness and probability
Compute descriptive statistics and geostatistics of geographic data
Interpret descriptive statistics and geostatistics of geographic data
Recognize the assumptions underlying probability and geostatistics and the situations in which they are useful analytical tools

DM-31 - Mathematical models of vagueness: Fuzzy sets and rough sets

Compare and contrast the relative merits of fuzzy sets, rough sets, and other models
Differentiate between fuzzy set membership and probabilistic set membership
Explain the problems inherent in fuzzy sets
Create appropriate membership functions to model vague phenomena

KE-17 - Measuring costs

Explain how the saying “developing data is the largest single cost of implementing GIS” could be true for an organization that is already collecting data as part of its regular operations
Describe some non-fiduciary barriers to GIS implementation
Summarize what the literature suggests as means for overcoming some of the non-fiduciary barriers to GIS implementation
Outline sources of additional costs associated with development of an enterprise GIS
Outline the categories of costs that an organization should anticipate as it plans to design and implement a GIS

GS-08 - Mechanisms of control of geospatial information

Distinguish among the various intellectual property rights, including copyright, patent, trademark, business methods, and other rights
Explain how databases may be protected under U.S. copyright law
Describe advantages and disadvantages of “open” alternatives to copyright protection, such as the Creative Commons
Outline the intellectual property protection clause of a contract that a local government uses to license geospatial data to a community group
Explain how maps may be protected under U.S. copyright law
Differentiate geospatial information from other works protected under copyright law

DM-57 - Metadata

Define “metadata” in the context of the geospatial data set
Use a metadata utility to create a geospatial metadata document for a digital database you created
Formulate metadata for a graphic output that would be distributed to the general public
Formulate metadata for a geostatistical analysis that would be released to an experienced audience
Compose data integrity statements for a geostatistical or spatial analysis to be included in graphic output
Identify software tools available to support metadata creation
Interpret the elements of an existing metadata document
Explain why metadata production should be integrated into the data production and database development workflows, rather than treated as an ancillary activity
Outline the elements of the U.S. geospatial metadata standard
Explain the ways in which metadata increases the value of geospatial data

CV-25 - Metadata, Quality, and Uncertainty

Describe a scenario in which possible errors in a map may impact subsequent decision making, such as a land use decision based on a soils map
Evaluate the uncertainty inherent in a map
Compare the decisions made using a map with a reliability overlay from those made using a map pair separating data and reliability, both drawn from the same dataset
Critique the assumption that maps can or should be “accurate”

FC-01 - Metaphysics and ontology

Define common theories on what is “real,” such as realism, idealism, relativism, and experiential realism
Compare and contrast the ability of different theories to explain various situations
Recognize the commonalities of philosophical viewpoints and appreciate differences to enable work with diverse colleagues
Evaluate the influences of particular worldviews (including one’s own) on GIS practices
Justify the metaphysical theories with which you agree
Identify the ontological assumptions underlying the work of colleagues

AM-82 - Microsimulation and calibration of agent activities

Describe a “bottom-up” simulation from an activity-perspective with changes in the locations and/or activities the individual person (and/or vehicle) in space and time, in the activity patterns and space-time trajectories created by these activity patterns, and in the consequent emergent phenomena, such as traffic jams and land-use patterns
Describe how various parameters in an agent-based model can be modified to evaluate the range of behaviors possible with a model specification
Describe how measurements on the output of a model can be used to describe model behavior

DC-15 - Mission planning

Plan an aerial imagery mission in response to a given request for proposals and map of a study area, taking into consideration vertical and horizontal control, atmospheric conditions, time of year, and time of day

Mobile devices refer to a computing system intended to be used by hand, such as smartphones or tablet computers. Mobile devices more broadly refer to mobile sensors and other hardware that has been made for relatively easy transportability, including wearable fitness trackers. Mobile devices are particularly relevant to Geographic Information Systems and Technology (GIS&T) in that they house multiple locational sensors that were until recently very expensive and only accessible to highly trained professionals. Now, mobile devices serve an important role in computing platform infrastructure and are key tools for collecting information and disseminating information to, from, and among heterogeneous and spatially dispersed audiences and devices. Due to the miniaturization and the decrease in the cost of computing capabilities, there has been widespread social uptake of mobile devices, making them ubiquitous. Mobile devices are embedded in Geographic Information Science (GIScience) meaning GIScience is increasingly permeating lived experiences and influencing social norms through the use of mobile devices. In this entry, locational sensors are described, with computational considerations specifically for mobile computing. Mobile app development is described in terms of key considerations for native versus cross-platform development. Finally, mobile devices are contextualized within computational infrastructure, addressing backend and frontend considerations.