DM-42 - History of understanding Earth's shape
- Describe how scientists’ understanding of the Earth’s shape has evolved throughout history
- Describe the contributions of key individuals (e.g., Eratosthenes, Newton, Picard, Bouguer, LaPlace, La Candamine) to scientists’ understanding of the Earth’s shape
- Explain how technological and mathematical advances have led to more sophisticated knowledge about the Earth’s shape
- Describe and critique early efforts to measure the Earth’s size and shape
DM-43 - Approximating the geoid with spheres and ellipsoids