Compare and contrast the missions, histories, constituencies, and activities of professional organizations including Association of American Geographers (AAG), America Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ASPRS), Geospatial Information and Technology Association (GITA), Management Association for Private Photogrammetric Surveyors (MAPPS), and Urban and Regional Information Systems Association (URISA)
Identify conferences that are related to GIS&T hosted by professional organizations
Discuss the mission, history, constituencies, and activities of the GIS Certification Institute (GISCI)
Formalize attribute values and domains in terms of set theory
Develop alternative forms of representations for situations in which attributes do not adequately capture meaning
Define Stevens’ four levels of measurement (i.e., nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio)
Describe particular geographic phenomena in terms of attributes
Determine the proper uses of attributes based on their domains
Characterize the domains of attributes in a GIS, including continuous and discrete, qualitative and quantitative, absolute and relative
Recognize situations and phenomena in the landscape which cannot be adequately represented by formal attributes, such as aesthetics
Compare and contrast the theory that properties are fundamental (and objects are human simplifications of patterns thereof) with the theory that objects are fundamental (and properties are attributes thereof)
Recognize attribute domains that do not fit well into Stevens’ four levels of measurement such as cycles, indexes, and hierarchies
Compare and contrast the U.S. federal government’s policy regarding rights to geospatial data with similar policies in other countries
Compare and contrast the consequences of different national policies about rights to geospatia data in terms of the real costs of spatial data, their coverage, accuracy, uncertainty, reliability, validity, and maintenance
Describe organizations’ and governments’ incentives to treat geospatial information as property
Outline arguments for and against the notion of information as a public good
Argue for and against the treatment of geospatial information as a commodity
Describe real world applications where distance decay is an appropriate representation of the strength of spatial relationships (e.g., shopping behavior, property values)
Explain the rationale for using different forms of distance decay functions
Explain how a semi-variogram describes the distance decay in dependence between data values
Outline the geometry implicit in classical “gravity” models of distance decay
Plot typical forms for distance decay functions
Write typical forms for distance decay functions
Write a program to create a matrix of pair-wise distances among a set of points
Describe real world applications where distance decay would not be an appropriate representation of the strength of spatial relationships (e.g., distance education, commuting, telecommunications)
Critique the assertion that public participation GIS promotes democracy
Explain how community organizations’ use of geospatial technologies can alter existing community power relations
Explain how geospatial technologies can assist community organizations at each rung of the ladder of public participation
Explain the challenge of representing within current GIS software local knowledge that is neither easily mapped nor verified
Discuss advantages and disadvantages of six models of GIS availability, including communitybased GIS, university-community partnerships, GIS facilities in universities and public libraries, “Map rooms,” Internet map servers, and neighborhood GIS centers.
Explain why some community organizations may encounter more difficulty than others in acquiring geospatial data from public and private organizations
Explain how color fastness and color consistency are ensured in map production
Compare outputs of the same map at various low and high resolutions
Differentiate among the various raster map outputs (JPEG, GIF, TIFF) and various vector formats (PDF, Adobe Illustrator Postscript)
Compare and contrast the file formats suited to presentation of maps on the Web to those suited to publication in high resolution contexts
Compare and contrast the issues that arise for map production using black-and-white and fourcolor process specifications
Outline the process for the digital production of offset press printed maps, including reference to feature and color separates, feature and map composites, and resolution
Critique typographic integrity in export formats (e.g., some file export processes break type into letters degrading searchability, font processing, and reliability of Raster Image Processing)
Prepare a map file for CMYK publication in a book
Prepare a map file for RGB presentation on a Web site
Discuss the purpose of advanced production methods (e.g., stochastic screening, hexachrome color, color management and device profiles, trapping, overprinting)
KE-27 - Professional organizations